01 01 The Epoch (Time 0 for UNIX systems, Midnight GMT) (1970) 01 01 New Year's Day 01 01 AT&T officially divests its local Bell companies (1984) 01 01 Anniversary of the Triumph of the Revolution in Cuba 01 01 Castro expells Cuban President Batista (1959) 01 01 Churchill delivers his the "Iron Curtain" speech (1947) 01 01 Independence Day in Haiti, Sudan 01 01 Paul Revere born in Boston (1735) 01 01 Gen. George Washington raised the Continental Union Flag over his encampment on Prospect Hill (1776) 01 01 Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring that slaves in rebel states were free (1863) 01 01 Commonwealth of Australia was proclaimed (1901) 01 01 Universal Fraternity Day in Mozambique 01 02 Ancestry Day in Haiti 01 02 Isaac Asimov born in Petrovichi, Russian SFSR (now part of USSR) (1920) 01 02 St. Berchtold's Day in Switzerland 01 03 Apple Computer founded (1977) 01 03 Martin Luther was excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church (1521) 01 03 New Year's Holiday in Scotland 01 03 Revolution Day in Upper Volta 01 04 George Washington Carver born in Missouri (1864) 01 04 Independence Day in Burma 01 04 Jakob Grimm born (1785) 01 04 Louis Braille born (1809) 01 04 Martyrs Day in Zaire 01 04 Quadrantid meteor shower (look north) 01 04 Wilhelm Beer born, 1797, first astronomer to map Mars 01 05 -50 degrees F, Strawberry UT (1913) 01 05 Twelfth night 01 05 DeWitt B. Brace born, inventor of spectrophotometer (1859) 01 06 Joan of Arc born in Domremy (1412) 01 06 Roosevelt delivered his "Four Freedoms" speech (1941) 01 06 George Washington and Martha Dandridge Custis were married (1759) 01 06 Samuel Morse first publicly demonstrated his telegraph in Morristown, NJ (1838) 01 06 Children's Day in Uruguay 01 06 Samuel Morse publicly demonstrated his telegraph in Morristown, NJ (1838) 01 06 Epiphany 01 06 Millard Fillmore's brithday 01 06 Three Kings' Day in Puerto Rico 01 07 Galileo Galilei sighted four of Jupiter's moons (1610) 01 07 First U.S. presidential election held (1789) 01 07 One of the earliest and most famous motion picture experiments took place at the Thomas Edison studio in West Orange, N.J., as cameraman William K.L. Dickson filmed comedian Fred Ott sneezing (1894) 01 07 First commercial bank in the US (Bank of North America) opened in Philadelphia (1782) 01 07 commercial transatlantic telephone service inaugurated between New York and London (1927) 01 07 Christmas in Ethiopia 01 07 Pioneer's Day in Liberia 01 07 Emperor Hirohito of Japan died in Tokyo at 87 (1989) 01 08 Elvis Presley born in Tupelo, Miss. (1935) 01 08 American Telephone and Telegraph loses antitrust case (1982) 01 08 Astronomer Galileo Galilei died in Arcetri, Italy (1642) 01 08 Battle of New Orleans 01 08 Herman Hollerith patents first data processing computer (1889) 01 08 Justice Dept. drops IBM suit (1982) 01 09 Day of the Martyrs in Panama 01 09 Mississippi seceded from the Union (1861) 01 10 Ethan Allen born (1738) 01 10 Thomas Paine published his pamphlet "Common Sense" (1776) 01 10 Florida seceded from the Union (1861) 01 10 John D. Rockefeller incorporated Standard Oil 01 10 The League of Nations established (1920) 01 10 London's Metropolitan, the world's first underground passenger railway, opened (1863) 01 10 First CDC 1604 delivered to Navy (1960) 01 10 First meeting of United Nations General Assembly in London (1946) 01 11 Alexander Hamilton born in Nevis, British West Indies (1757?) 01 11 Anniversary of the Peoples Republic of Albania 01 11 Armed Forces Day in Liberia 01 11 De Hostos' Birthday in Puerto Rico 01 11 Prithvi Jayanti in Nepal 01 11 Surgeon General condemned cigarettes (1964) 01 12 HAL 9000 born in Univ of Illinois, Urbana - 2001: A Space Odyssey 01 12 Zanzibar Revolution Day in Tanzania 01 13 First ad for a radio - a Telimco for $7.50 - appeared in Scientific American (1906) 01 13 National Liberation Day in Togo 01 13 Sophie Tucker born (1884) 01 13 Wilhelm Wien born, Nobel prize for blackbody radiation laws (1864) 01 14 Albert Schweitzer born (1875) 01 14 Julian Calendar New Year's Day 01 15 Adults Day in Japan 01 15 Arbor Day in Jordan 01 15 "Happy Days" premiered on ABC (1974) 01 16 Martyrs Day in Benin 01 16 Ivan the Terrible was crowned Czar of Russia (1547) 01 16 Prohibition begins (1920) 01 16 Set uid bit patent issued (1979) 01 17 Benjamin Franklin born in Boston (1706) 01 17 Justice Dept. begins IBM suit (1969) 01 17 Thomas Crapper, developer of flush toilet mechanism, died 1910 01 18 Oliver Hardy (of Laurel&Hardy) born in Harlem, GA (1892) 01 18 Captain James Cook discovered the Hawaiian Islands, which he dubbed the Sandwich Islands (1778) 01 18 Lawyer and statesman Daniel Webster born in Salisbury, NH (1782) 01 18 First English settlers arrived in Australia's Botany Bay (1788) 01 18 William of Prussia was proclaimed the first emperor of Germany (1871) 01 18 Grey whale migration, CA 01 18 Revolution Day in Tunisia 01 19 Confederate Heroes Day in Texas 01 19 Edgar Allan Poe born in Boston (1809) 01 19 James Watt, inventor of the steam engine, was born in Scotland (1736) 01 19 Ethopian Epiphany in Ethiopia 01 19 Nameday of Archbishop Makarios in Cyprus 01 19 Robert E(dward) Lee born in Stratford Estate, Virginia (1807) 01 20 The island of Hong Kong was ceded to Great Britain (1841) 01 20 Army Day in Mali 01 20 Geo. Burns born (1898) 01 20 National Heroes Day in Guinea-Bissau 01 20 St. Agnes Eve (Ah, bitter chill it was...) 01 21 King Louis XVI of France was executed by the guillotine (1793) 01 21 Our Lady of Altagracia in Dominican Republic 01 21 Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson born in Clarksburg, VA (1824) 01 21 Lenin died (1924) 01 21 George Orwell died (1950) 01 22 Sir Francis Bacon born (1561) 01 22 Queen Victoria died at age 82 (1901) 01 22 Thousands of Russian workers were fired on by Imperial army troops in St. Petersburg - Bloody Sunday (1905) 01 22 Rowan & Martin's Laugh-IIn premiered on NBC-TV (1968) 01 23 Ernst Abbe born, 1840, formulated diffraction theory 01 23 Poll tax eliminated (24th amendment) (1964) 01 23 Feast of St. Ildefonsus 01 23 Humphrey Bogart born in New York City (1899) 01 23 John Hancock born (1737) 01 23 Joseph Hewes born (1730) 01 23 National Handwriting Day 01 23 Saml. Barber died (1981) 01 24 DG Nova introduced (1969) 01 24 Economic Liberation Day in Togo 01 24 Gold discovered in California at Sutter's Mill (1848) 01 25 United Mine Workers of America was founded (1890) 01 25 Alexander Graham Bell inaugurated U.S. transcontinental telephone service (1915) 01 25 American Airlines oenet the jet age in the US with a flight of a 707 (1959) 01 25 First U.S. meeting of ALGOL definition committee (1958) 01 25 Robert Burns born (1759) 01 25 Virginia Woolf born (1882) 01 25 W. Somerset Maugham born (1874) 01 26 EDVAC demonstrated (1952) 01 26 Republic Day in India 01 26 Sydney, Australia settled (1778) 01 26 Australia Day 01 27 Thomas Edison received a patent for his electric incandescent lamp (1880) 01 27 Samuel Gompers born (1850) 01 27 Vietnam War cease-fire signed (1973) 01 27 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart born in Salzburg (1756) 01 28 First ski tow, Woodstock VT (1914) 01 29 Britain's King George III died (1820) 01 29 Edgar Allan Poe's ``The Raven'' published (1845) 01 29 The American League, consisting of 8 baseball teams, was organized (1900) 01 29 Kansas became the 24th state of the Union (1861) 01 30 England's King Charles I was beheaded (1649) 01 30 Australia Day in Australia 01 30 Franklin Delano Roosevelt born in Hyde Park, New York (1882) 01 30 Mohandas Gandhi assassinated in New Delhi by Hindu fanatic (1948) 01 30 Tet Offensive (1968) 01 31 Explorer I launched; Van Allen Belt discovered (1958) 01 31 Hewlett-Packard founded (1939) 01 31 McDonald's opened its first restaurant in Moscow (1990) 01 31 Irving Langmuir, invented tungsten filament lamp (1881) 02 01 Chinese New Year Holiday (3 days) in Taiwan 02 01 First TV soap: Secret Storm (1954) 02 01 Forces lead by Khomeini take over Iran (1979) 02 01 Thomas A. Edison completed work on the wor;d's first motion picture studio, his Black Maria, in West Orange, NJ (1892) 02 01 Texas voted to secede from the Union (1861) 02 02 Groundhog day 02 02 Candlemas 02 02 New Amsterdam (now New York City) incorporated (1653) 02 02 Buenos Aires founded by Pedro de Mondoza of Spain (1536) 02 03 Gertrude Stein born (1874) 02 03 Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and J.P. ``The Big Bopper'' Richardson died (1959) 02 03 Territory of Illinois created (1809) 02 03 16th Amendment, providing for a federal income tax, was ratified (1913) 02 04 Cybernet inaugurated (1969) 02 04 Independence Commemoration Day in Sri Lanka 02 04 Ken Thompson (author of Unix) born, 1943, New Orleans 02 05 Constitution Day in Mexico 02 05 Patricia Hearst kidnapped by Symbionese Liberation Army (1974) 02 06 King George VI of UK dies; his daughter becomes Elizabeth II (1952) 02 06 New Zealand Day 02 07 Charles Dickens born in Portsmouth, England (1812) 02 07 Beatles arrived in New York (1964) 02 07 Independence Day in Grenada 02 08 Boy Scounts of America incorporated (1910) 02 08 Boy Scounts of America incorporated (1910) 02 08 President Harding had a radio installed in the White House (1922) 02 08 1963 Revolution Anniversary in Iraq 02 08 Friedleib F. Runge born, father of paper chromatography (1795) 02 08 Jules Verne born in Nantes, France (1828) 02 09 -51 degrees F, Vanderbilt MI (1934) 02 09 George Hartmann born, designed astrolabes, timepieces, etc. (1489) 02 09 St. Maron's Day in Lebanon 02 09 The ninth president of the US, William Henry Harrison, born in Charles City County, VA (1773) 02 09 House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams president after no candidate received a majority of electoral votes (1825) 02 09 US Weather Bureau was established (1870) 02 09 WWII battle of Guadalcanal in the southwest Pacific ended with a US victory (1943) 02 09 US sen. Joseph McCarthy, R-Wis, charged the State Dept was riddled with Communists in a speech in Wheeling, WV (1950) 02 09 Beatles made first live American TV appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show, 73 million viewers tuned in (1964) 02 09 Apollo 14 spacecraft returned to Earth after man's third landing on the moon (1971) 02 10 Charles Lamb born (1775) 02 10 Feast of St. Paul's Shipwreck (AD 60) 02 10 First singing telegram introduced by the postal Telegram Co in NY (1933) 02 10 William Allen White born (1868) 02 11 Thomans Alva Edison born in Milan, Ohio (1847) 02 11 Last day of JOSS service at RAND Corp. (1966) 02 11 National Foundation Day in Japan 02 11 Thos. Edison born (1847) 02 11 William Henry Fox Talbot born, photographic pioneer (1489) 02 12 Abraham Lincoln born in a log cabin in what is now Larue County, KY (1809) 02 12 Charles Darwin born in Shrewsbury, England (1809) 02 12 George Gershwin's ``Rhapsody in Blue'' premiered in New York (1924) 02 12 Radio play, "The Adventures of Superman" began on the Mutual Network (1940) 02 12 Pyidaungsa Day in Burma 02 12 Santa Barbara oil leak (1969) 02 13 Bruno Richard Hauptmann was found guilty in the kidnap-death of the infant son of aviator Charles Lindbergh (1935) 02 13 Galileo Galilei arrived in Rome for trial before the Inquisition (1633) 02 13 Oldest school in the US, the Boston Public Latin School, was founded (1635) 02 14 Bombing of Dresden (1945) 02 14 Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray applied for patents for the telephone (1876) 02 14 First micro-on-a-chip patented (TI) (1978) 02 14 St. Valentine's day 02 15 Chicago Seven convicted (1970) 02 15 ENIAC demonstrated (1946) 02 15 Galileo Galilei born in Pisa, Italy (1564) 02 15 Susan B. Anthony born (1820) 02 15 A private mail service in NYC introduced the first adhesive postage stamp (1842) 02 15 Canada's new flag, with its maple-leaf design, was unfurled in Ottawa (1965) 02 16 ~1400 Confederate soldiers surrendered at Fort Donelson, Tenn. (1862) 02 16 Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks was organized in New York City (1868) 02 16 Makha Bucha Day in Thailand 02 16 Nylon patented (1937) 02 16 Pierre Bouguer born, founder of photometry (1698) 02 16 Stephen Decatur burns US frigate in Tripoli (1804) 02 17 Federick Eugene Ives born, pioneer of halftone (1856) 02 17 Marion Anderson born (1902) 02 17 T. J. Watson, Sr. born (1874) 02 18 Jefferson Davis was sworn in as president of the Confederate States of America (1861) 02 18 Martin Luther died (1546) 02 18 Mark Twain's "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" published in US for the first time (1885) 02 18 Democracy Day in Nepal 02 18 Ernst Mach born, philosopher & optics pioneer (1838) 02 18 Independence Day in The Gambia 02 19 Nicolas Copernicus born in Torun, Poland (1473) 02 19 Thomas Edison received a patent for his phonograph (1878) 02 19 Kansas became the first state to prohibit all alcoholic beverages (1881) 02 20 Ludwig Boltzmann born, atomic physics pioneer (1838) 02 20 John Glenn became first American to orbit the Earth (1962) 02 21 First telephone directory issued, by District Telephone Co, Hartford, CY, 1878 (50 names) 02 21 Washington Monument dedicated (1885) 02 21 Edwin Land first demonstrated his Polaroid Land Camera (1947) 02 21 Alexis De Rochon born, developed the spyglass (1838) 02 21 Battle of Verdun begins, 1916 1M casualties 02 21 Malcom X shot to death in Harlem (1965) 02 22 George Washington born (1732) 02 22 Pierre Jules Cesar Janssen born, found hydrogen in the sun (1838) 02 22 it became illegal for airplanes to fly over the White House (1935) 02 23 Handel born (1685) 02 23 U.S. Marines on Iwo Jima raised the American flag on Mount Suribachi (1945) 02 23 Boston was granted a charter to incorporate as a city (1822) 02 23 The siege of the Alamo began in San Antonio, Texas (1836) 02 23 Lt Calley confesses, implicates Cpt Medina (1971) 02 23 Republic Day in Guyana 02 23 W.E.B.DuBois born (1868) 02 24 Gregorian Calendar Day (1582) 02 24 Winslow Homer born (1836) 02 24 Andrew Johnson impeached (1868) 02 25 the 16th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, giving Congress the power to levy and collect income taxes, was declared in effect (1913) 02 25 Pope Pius V excommunicated England's Queen Elizabeth I (1570) 02 25 inventor Samuel Colt patented his revolver (1836) 02 25 George Harrison born in Liverpool, England (1943) 02 25 National Day in Kuwait 02 25 Renoir born (1841) 02 26 Dominique Francois Jean Arago born, observed "Poisson's spot" cf June 21 (1786) 02 27 Independence Day in Dominican Republic 02 27 The Lionheart crowned (1189) 02 28 First U.S. railroad chartered to carry passengers and freight, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, was incorporated (1872) 02 28 The ship California arrived at San Francisco, carrying the first of the gold-seekers (1849) 02 28 Michel de Mantaigne born (1533) 02 29 Gioacchino Antonio Rossini born, Pesaro, Italy (1792) 02 29 first Playboy Club opened in Chicago (1960) 02 29 discovery of Pulsar announced by Dr. Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Cambridge, England (1968) 02 29 French and Indian raid on Deerfield MA (1704) 02 29 Herman Hollerith born (1860) 02 29 Jimmy Dorsey born (1904) 03 01 David Niven born (1910) 03 01 First NPL (later PL/I) report published (1964) 03 01 Samil Independence Movement Day in South Korea 03 01 Sarah Goode, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba arrested for witchcraft in Salem, Massachusetts (1692) 03 02 Peasants Day in Burma 03 02 Texas Independence day 03 02 Victory of Adowa in Ethiopia 03 03 Alexander Graham Bell born (1847) 03 03 Throne Day in Morocco 03 04 Antonio Vivaldi born in Venice, Italy (1678) 03 04 Casimir Pulaski born (1747) 03 04 First Cray-1 shipped to Los Alamos 03 04 First meeting of Congress, in N.Y.C. (1789) 03 04 Vermont Admission Day (admitted as 14th state in 1791) 03 05 Comedian John Belushi was found dead at 33 (1982) 03 05 Boston Massacre 03 05 Independence Day in Equatorial Guinea 03 06 The Alamo fell to Mexican forces after a 13-day siege. All 187 defenders 03 06 of the mission compound, including Davy Crockett and James Bowie were killed (1836) 03 06 Walter Cronkite signed off for the last time as principal anchorman of ``The CBS Evening News'' (1981) 03 06 Independence Day in Ghana 03 06 Ed McMahon born (1923) 03 07 Aristotle died (322 BC) 03 07 Last Gilbert & Sullivan opera produced (1896) 03 07 Sir John Frederick William Herschel born, astronomer (1792) 03 07 Alexander Graham Bell received a patent for his telephone (1876) 03 08 Russia's February Revolution began with rioting and strikes in St. Petersburg (1917) 03 08 Alvan Clark born, astronomer & lens manufacturer (1804) 03 08 First annual International Women's Day (1909) 03 08 Howard Aiken born (1900) 03 08 International Women's Day in U.S.S.R. 03 08 Syrian National Day in Libyan Arab Republic 03 08 Women's Day in Guinea-Bissau, Taiwan, Yemen Democratic Republic 03 08 Youth Day in Zambia 03 09 "GOTO considered harmful" published in CACM (1968) 03 09 Decoration Day in Liberia 03 09 Falgun Purnima Day in Nepal 03 09 Work began on the Alaskan oil pipeline (1975) 03 10 England's King Charles I dissolved Parliament (1629) 03 10 Thomas Jefferson was appointed minister to France (1785) 03 10 First phone call from Alexander Graham Bell to Thomas A. Watson took place in Ssscollay Square, Boston (1876) 03 10 Labor Day in South Korea 03 11 Blizzard of 1888 struck the northeastern United States 03 11 Johnny Appleseed Day; anniversary of the death of John Chapman 03 11 Robert Treat Paine born (1737) 03 11 Vannevar Bush born (1890) 03 12 Commonwealth Day in Swaziland 03 12 Gustav Robert Kirchhoff born, physicist (1824) 03 12 Independence Day in Mauritius 03 12 Moshoeshoe's Birthday in Lesotho 03 12 Renovation Day in Gabon 03 13 "Striptease" introduced, Paris (1894) 03 13 National Day in Grenada 03 14 Albert Einstein born (1879) 03 14 Casey Jones born (1864) 03 14 Giovanni Virginia Schiaparelli born, astronomer; named Mars "canals" (1835) 03 14 Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier born, mathematician & physicist (1769) 03 14 LISP introduced (1960) 03 14 Teddy Roosevelt excludes Japanese laborers from continental US (1907) 03 15 Buzzards return to Hinckley OH (Buzzard Day) 03 15 J.J. Robert's Birthday in Liberia 03 15 Julius Caesar assassinated by Brutus; Ides of March (44 BC) 03 15 Sly Stone born (1944) 03 15 Watts, Los Angeles, riots kill two, injure 25 (1966) 03 15 Maine became 23rd state (1820) 03 15 Musical play "My Fair Lady" opened on Broadway (1956) 03 16 Black Press Day; first Black newspaper founded in 1827 03 16 First liquid-fuel-powered rocket flight (1926) 03 16 George Clymer born (1739) 03 16 James Madison born (1751) 03 16 MyLai Massacre; 300 non-combatant villagers killed by U.S. infantrymen 03 16 Robert Goddard launches first liquid-fueled rocket (1926) 03 17 Evacuation Day in Suffolk County, Massachusetts 03 17 St. Patrick died in Saul, A.D. 461 03 17 St. Patrick's Day 03 17 British forces evacuated Boston (1776) 03 17 Franklin D. Roosevelt and Elanor Roosevelt married in NY (1906) 03 17 General MacArthur arrived in Australia to become supreme commander of Allied forces in the southwest pacific 03 17 Vanguard I launched, 1958. Earth proved pear-shaped 03 18 Grover Clevelend (22 and 24th president) born in Caldwell, NJ (1837) 03 18 Britain repealed the Stamp Act (1766) 03 18 Schick, Inc. marketed the first electric razor (1931) 03 18 President Eisenhower signed the Hawaii statehood bill. 03 18 First spacewalk took place as Soviet cosmonot Aleksei Leonov left Voshod I (1965) 03 19 Nevada legalized gambling (1931) 03 19 St. Joseph's Day in Colombia, Costa Rica, Holy See, Liechtenstein, San Marino, Spain, Venezuela 03 19 Tree Planting Day in Lestho 03 20 Sir Isaac Newton died in London (1727) 03 20 John Lennon married Yoko Ono in Gibraltar (1969) 03 20 Independence Day in Tunsia 03 20 Youth Day in Oklahoma 03 21 Afghan New Year in Afghanistan 03 21 Johann Sebastian Bach born in Eisenach (1685) 03 21 Juarez' Birthday in Mexico 03 22 Abolition Day in Puerto Rico 03 23 Pakistan Day in Pakistan 03 24 Construction of New York subway system begins (1900) 03 24 Long Distance telephone service was inaugurated between Chicago and NY (1883) 03 24 Elvis Presley was inducted into the Army (1958) 03 24 Harry Houdini born (1874) 03 25 Greek Independence Day in Cyprus 03 25 Lady Day (a.k.a. the Feast of the Annunciation) 03 25 Maryland Day in Maryland 03 25 National Holiday in Greece 03 25 Triangle Shirt Waist Fire (1911) 03 26 Poet Robert Frost born in San Francisco (1875) 03 26 The Eastman Dry Plate and Film Company of Rochester of NY manufactured the first commercial motion picture film (1885) 03 26 Benjamin Thompson born, Count Rumford; physicist (1753) 03 26 A 6 ft. tall concrete statue of Popeye was unveiled uring the Second Annual Spinach Festival in Crystal City, TX 03 26 Independence Day in Bangladesh 03 26 Popeye statue unveiled, Crystal City TX Spinach Festival (1937) 03 26 Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole Day in Hawaii 03 27 First long-distance telephone call was made between Boston and NY (1884) 03 27 Armed Forces Day in Burma 03 27 Khrushchev becomes Premier of Soviet Union (1958) 03 27 Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen born, discoverer of X-rays (1845)` 03 28 DEC announces PDP-11 (1970) 03 28 Pierre Simon de Laplace born, mathematician & astronomer (1749) 03 28 Three Mile Island releases radioactive gas (1979) 03 29 Death of President Barthelemy Boganda in Central African Republic 03 29 Memorial Day in Madagascar 03 29 Swedish settled Christiana (Wilmington) DE (1638) 03 30 Five rings around Uranus discovered (1977) 03 30 Francisco Jose de Goya born (1746) 03 30 Pencil with eraser patented (1858) 03 30 Sean O'Casey born (1880) 03 30 Vincent Van Gogh born (1853) 03 31 Descartes born (1596) 03 31 Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corp. founded, Phila (1946) 03 31 National Day in Malta 03 31 Rene Descartes born, mathematician & philosopher (1596) 04 01 April Fool's Day 04 01 People of superb intelligence, savoir-faire, etc born this day. 07 01 pay-as-you-go income tax withholding began (1943) 07 01 U.S. Post Office inaugurated its five-digit ZIP codes (1963) 04 01 Yourdon, Inc. founded, 1974 (It figures.) 04 01 Youth Day in Benin 04 02 Malvinas Day in Argentina 04 02 Pascua Florida Day in Florida 04 03 IBM 701 introduced (1953) 04 03 Washington Irving born (1783) 04 04 Ching Ming Festival in Hong Kong 04 04 Liberation Day in Hungary 04 04 Martin Luther King assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee (1968) 04 04 Muddy Waters born (1915) 04 04 NATO Established (1949) 04 04 National Day in Senegal 04 04 Tandy Corp. acquires Radio Shack, 1963 (9 stores) 04 05 Arbor Day in South Korea 04 05 Thomas Hobbes born, philosopher (1588) 04 05 Tomb Sweeping Day in Taiwan 04 06 Chakri Memorial Day in Thailand 04 06 Joseph Smith founds Mormon Church (1830) 04 06 Victory Day in Ethiopia 04 07 Alewives run, Cape Cod 04 07 Robert Edwin Peary became first person to lead an expedition to the North Pole (1909) 04 07 IBM announces System/360 (1964) 04 07 First successful long-distance demo of television (1927) 04 07 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical "South Pacific" opened on Broadway (1949) 04 07 The last of NYC's electric trolleys completed its final run (1957) 04 08 David Rittenhouse born, astronomer & mathematician (1732) 04 08 Fast and Prayer Day in Liberia 04 08 Juan Ponce de Leon claimed Florida for Spain (1513) 04 08 The Works Progress Administration was approved by Congress (1935) 04 08 The League of Nations assembled in Geneva for the last time (1946) 04 08 Pablo Picasso died (1973) 04 09 ENIAC Project begun (1943) 04 09 Edward Muybridge born, motion-picture pioneer (1830) 04 09 J. Presper Eckert born (1919) 04 09 Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse (1865) 04 09 Martyrs Day in Tunisia 04 09 Paul Robeson born (1898) 04 10 Commodore Matthew calbraith Perry born (1854) 04 10 William Booth born, founder of the Salvation Army (1829) 04 10 "The Great Gatsby", by F. Scott Fitzgerald, was published (1925) 04 10 ASPCA incorporated (1866) 04 10 The RMS Titanic set sail from Southampton, England (1912) 04 11 William III and Mary II were crowned as joint sovereigns of Britain (1689) 04 11 National Heroes Day in Costa Rica 04 11 Napoleon Bonaparte abdicated as emperor of France and was bannished toElba (1814) 04 12 Columbia launched (1981) 04 12 Confederate troops fire first shots of Civil War at Ft Sumter (1861) 04 12 Gurgarin first man in space (1961) 04 12 Yuri Gagarin becomes the first man in space (1961) 04 12 England adopted as its flag the orig version of the Union Jack (1606) 04 12 Franklin Delano Roosevelt died (1945) 04 12 Harry S. Truman became the nation's 33rd president (1945) 04 12 The Salk vaccine against polio was declared safe and effective (1955) 04 12 Euro Disneyland opened in Marne-La-Vallee, France (1992) 04 13 Laotian New Year (3 days) in Laos 04 13 National Day in Chad 04 13 Songkron Day in Thailand 04 13 Thomas Jefferson born (1743) 04 13 Metropolitan Museum of Art foundedm, New York City (1870) 04 14 President Lincoln was shot at Ford's Theater (1865) 04 14 Christian Huygen born, physicist & astronomer; discovered Saturn's rings (1629) 04 14 J.C. Penney opened his first store in Kemmerer, Wyo. (1902) 04 14 a motion picture ``peep show'' device invented by Edison went on display in New York City (1894) 04 14 Ampex Corp. demonstrated its first commercial videotape recorder (1956) 04 14 Day of the Americas in Honduras 04 15 Titanic sank in the North Atlantic off Newfoundland after hitting iceberg (1912) 04 15 city of San Francisco was incorporated (1850) 04 15 President Lincoln died, 7:22am (1865) 04 15 General Electric Co. incorporated (1892) 04 15 Bengali New Year in Bangladesh 04 15 Leonardo da Vinci born (1452) 04 16 Charles (Charlie) Chaplin (Sir) born in London (1889) 04 16 LSD discovered (1943) 04 16 De Diego's Birthday (celebrated in Puerto Rico) 04 16 Holy Week (5 days) in Venezuela 04 16 Lincoln shot in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth (1865) 04 16 Tourist Week (5 days) in Uruguay 04 17 Martin Luther went before the Diet of Worms (1521) 04 17 Bay of Pigs invasion crushed by Castro forces (1961) 04 17 Giovanni da Verrazano discovered present-day New York harbor (1524) 04 17 Virginia State Convention voted to secede from the Union (1861) 04 17 Yugoslavia surrendered to Germany in World War II (1941) 04 17 Burmese New Year in Burma 04 17 Bay of Pigs (1961) 04 17 Ford Motor Company unveiled the Mustang (1964) 04 17 Benjamin Franklin died at age 84 (1790) 04 18 Einstein's Death (1955) 04 18 Independence Day in Chile, Zimbabwe 04 18 San Francisco earthquake (1906) 04 18 Paul Revere began his ride from Charlestown to Lexington, MA warning that the British were coming (1775) 04 18 First Laudromat (called a "washeteria") opened in Fort Worth, TX (1934) 04 18 The Irish republic was proclaimed (1949) 04 18 The League of Nations went out of business (1946) 04 18 Albert Einstein died in Princeton, NJ (1955) 04 19 American Revolutionary War began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord (1775) 04 19 The Netherlands recognized American independence (1782) 04 19 The U.S. went off the gold standard (1933) 04 19 Declaration of Independence in Venezuela 04 19 Landing of the "33" in Uruguay 04 19 Republic Day in Sierra Leone 04 19 Warsaw Ghetto uprising (1943) 04 19 Actor Don Adams born (1927) 04 20 Supreme Court unanimously rules in favor of busing (1971) 04 21 Lyrid meteor shower 04 21 San Jacinto Day in Texas 04 21 NY became first state to require license plates, fee of $1 (1901) 04 21 Tiradentes in Brazil 04 22 Congress authorized the use of "In God We Trust" on US coins (1864) 04 22 Arbor Day in Nebraska & Delaware 04 22 Kant born (1724) 04 22 Oklahoma Day in Oklahoma 04 22 New York world's Fair opened (1964) 04 23 Hank Aaron hits his first home run (1954) 04 23 The "Vitaascope" system for projecting movies was demonstrated, NYC 1896 04 23 William Shakespeare born 1564 04 24 Congress approved a bill establishing the Library of Congree (1800) 04 24 Victory Day in Togo 04 25 Anniversary of the Revolution in Portugal 04 25 Anzac Day in Australia, New Zealand, Tonga, Western Samoa 04 25 Ella Fitzgerald born (1918) 04 25 Liberation Day in Italy 04 25 National Flag Day in Swaziland 04 25 NY became first state to require automobile license plates ($1 fee) (1901) 04 26 Carol Burnett born in San Antonio, Texas (1933) 04 26 Confederate Memorial Day in Florida & Georgia 04 26 Union Day in Tanzania 04 26 First permament English settlement established at cape Henry, Va (1607) 04 26 William Shakespeare baptised in Stratford-on-Avon, England (1564) 04 27 Independence Day in Togo 04 27 Louis Victor de Broglie born, physicist (1774) 04 27 Magellan killed in Philippines (1521) 04 27 Pope Julius II excommunicated the Italian state of Venice (1509) 04 27 Nation's first Social Security checks distributed (1037) 04 27 Expo '67 officially opened in Montreal (1967) 04 27 Walter Lantz (creator of Woody Woodpeckeer) born 1900 04 28 mutiny on the Bounty as the crew set Capt. William Bligh and 18 sailors adrift in a launch in the South Pacific. 04 28 Glenn Miller and his Orchestra recorded ``Pennsylvania 6-5000'' for RCA Victor 04 28 James Monroe born (1758) 04 28 Glenn Miller and his Orchestra recorded "Pensylvannia6-5000",1940 04 28 War with Japan officially ended (1952) 04 28 Zilog Z-80 introduced 04 29 Swedish-born engineer Gideon Sundback of Hoboken,NJ patented the zipper,1913 04 29 Jules Henri Poincare born, founder of topology (1894) 04 29 William Randolph Hearst born in San Francisco (1863) 04 29 Emperor's Birthday in Japan 04 30 Washington Took office in NY as first president of US (1789) 04 30 US purchased the Louisiana Territory from France (1803) 04 30 Lousiana became th 18th state (1812) 04 30 Hawaii was organized as a US territory (1900) 04 30 Karl Friedrich Gauss born, mathematician & astronomer (1777) 04 30 Queen's Biorthday in Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles 04 30 The Workers Day in Uruguay 05 01 Citizen Kane premiered in New York. (1941) 05 01 Mozart's "The Marriage of Figaro" premiered in Vienna (1786) 05 01 Construction began on the first skyscraper (10 stories), Chiucago (1884) 05 01 NY's 102 story Empire State Building was dedicated (1931) 05 01 Elvis Presley married Priscilla Beaulieu in Las Vegas (1967) 05 01 Beltaine; Feast of the god Bel, sun god 05 01 First BASIC program run at Dartmouth (1964) 05 01 Kate Smith born (1909) 05 01 Labor Day in many places 05 01 Law Day (decl. by Eisenhower) 05 01 May Day in many places 05 02 Leonardo da Vinci died at Cloux, France (1519) 05 02 Hudson Bay Company was chartered by King Charles II (1670) 05 02 Soviet Union announced the fall of Berlin (1945) 05 02 Constitution Day in Japan 05 02 Dr. Benj. Spock born (1903) 05 02 King's Birthday in Lesotho 05 03 Anti-war protest disrupts business in Washington (1971) 05 04 4 Kent students demonstrating against Cambodia incursion are shot (1970) 05 04 Rhode Island Independence Day 05 05 West Germany became a sovereign state (1955) 05 05 Battle of Puebla in Mexico 05 05 Children's Day in Japan, South Korea 05 05 Coronatin Day in Thailand 05 05 Liberation Day in Netherlands 05 06 Paris Exposition opened, featuring the Eiffel Tower (1889) 05 06 electrician Irwin H. Hoover began installing the first electrical wiring in the White House (1891) 05 06 Works Progress Administration began operating. 1935 05 06 Hindenburg burst into flames in Lakehurst, N.J., killing 36 of the 97 people on board (1937) 05 06 Bataan Day in Philippines 05 06 EDSAC demonstrated (1949) 05 07 Brahms born (1833) 05 07 Germany Surrenders after WWII (1945) 05 07 Johannes Brahms born in Hamburg (1833) 05 07 May Day in United Kingdom 05 07 Tchaikowsky born (1840) 05 08 Atlanta pharmacist John Styth Pemberton invented the syrup for a beverage that came to be known as Coca-Cola (1886) 05 08 Buddha's Birthday in South Korea 05 08 Elections for the National Assembly in Philippines 05 08 Truman Day in Missouri 05 08 US institutes mining of Haiphong Harbor (1972) 05 09 94 degrees, New York (1979) 05 09 Liberation Day in Czechoslovakia 05 09 Billy Joel born (1949) 05 09 Pinza died (1957) 05 09 Victory Day in Poland, U.S.S.R. 05 10 Confederate Memorial Day in South Carolina 05 10 Fred Astaire (Frederick Austerlitz) born in Omaha, Nebraska (1899) 05 10 Germany invades Low Countries (1940) 05 10 Mothers Day in Guatamala 05 10 Nazi bookburning (1933) 05 11 Minnesota Day in Minnesota 05 12 Florence Nightingale born in Florence, Italy (1820) 05 13 Arthur S. Sullivan born (1842) 05 14 Anniversary of the Founding of Guinean Deomcratic Party in Guinea 05 14 Beginning of Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804) 05 14 Buddhist Holiday (Waisak 2528) in Indonesia 05 14 Independence Day (2 days) in Paraguay 05 14 Nation of Israel proclaimed (1948) 05 14 Unification Day in Liberia 05 15 Kamuzu Day in Malawi 05 15 Vesak Day in Singapore, Malaysia 05 15 Visakha Bucha Day in Thailand 05 16 Armed Forces Day 05 16 Discovery Day in Cayman Islands 05 16 First report on SNOBOL distributed (within BTL) (1963) 05 16 First Academy Awards presented (1929) 05 16 Congress authorized minting of the five-cent piece (1866) 05 17 New York Stock Exchange was founded by brokers meeting under a tree on what is now Wall Street (1792) 05 17 24" rain in 11 hours, Pearl River, S. China (1982) 05 17 Constitution Day in Nauru, Norway 05 17 Six SLA members killed in televised gun fight (1974) 05 18 Canadian city of Montreal was founded (1642) 05 18 Battle of Las Piedras in Uruguay 05 18 Flag Day in Haiti 05 18 Napoleon crowned Emperor (1804) 05 18 Prayer Day in Denmark 05 18 Mount St. Helens volcano in Washington state exploded. 05 19 Armed Forces Day 05 19 Ho Chi Minh born (1890) 05 19 Youth and Sports Day in Turkey 05 20 Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field oboard the Spirit of St. Louis (1927) 05 20 Christopher Columbus died in poverty in Spain (1506) 05 20 Mecklenburg Independence Day in North Carolina 05 20 National Day in Cameroon 05 20 Victoria Day in Canada 05 21 Battle of Iquique in Chile 05 21 DEC announces PDP-8 05 21 Plato (Aristocles) born in Athens(?) (427 BC) 05 22 Johann Sebastian Bach born in Eisenach, Germany (1665) 05 22 National Heroes Day in Sri Lanka 05 22 US Civil War ends (1865) 05 23 Commonwealth Day in Jamaica, Belize 05 23 Israeli raid into Argentina to capture Adolf Eichmann (1960) 05 23 National Labor Day in Jamaica 05 23 Two Yetis sighted, Mt. Everest (1953) 05 23 Monty Python & the Holy Grail released (1975) 05 23 Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow were shot to death, LA (1934) 05 23 Capt. William Kidd was hanged in London (1701) 05 24 Samuel F.B. Morse transmitted "What hath God Wrought!" from Washington to Baltimore (1884) 05 24 Brooklyn Bridge opened to traffic (1883) 05 24 Battle of Pinchincha in Ecuador 05 24 Bermuda Day in Bermuda 05 24 Day of Slav Letters in Bulgaria 05 25 Essayist & poet Ralph Waldo Emerson born (1803) 05 25 African Freedom Day in Zimbabwe 05 25 African Liberation Day in Chad, Mauritania, Zambia 05 25 Anniversary of the Revolution of 1810 in Argentina 05 25 Independence Day in Jordan 05 25 Memorial Day in New Mexico & Puerto Rico 05 25 Oral Roberts sees 900 foot tall Jesus Christ, Tulsa OK (1980) 05 25 Revolution in the Sudan in Libyan Arab Republic 05 25 Successful test of the limelight in Purfleet, England (1830) 05 26 Al Jolson born (1886) 05 26 Martin Luther was banned by the Edict of Worms (1521) 05 26 Napoleon Bonaparte was crowned king of Italy (1805) 05 26 Congress sets first immigration quotas (1924) 05 27 First recorded American execution of a ``witch'', Massachusetts (1647) 05 27 Afghanistan attains sovereignty (1921) 05 27 First joint meeting of U.S. and European ALGOL definition cte. (1958) 05 27 Golden Gate Bridge opens (1937) 05 27 Hubert H. Humphrey born (1911) 05 28 Dionne quintuplets born, Ontario (1934) 05 28 Sierra Club organized in San Francisco (1892) 05 28 First all-color talking picture, ``On with the Show'', opened, NY (1929) 05 28 First meeting of COBOL definition cte. (eventually CODASYL) (1959) 05 28 Mothers Day in Central African Republic 05 29 Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norkay climb Mt. Everest (1953) 05 29 Gilbert Keith Chesterton born (1874) 05 29 John Fitzgerald Kennedy born (1917) 05 29 Patrick Henry born (1736) 05 30 Colossus Mark II (1944) 05 30 Mel (Melvin Jerome) Blanc born in San Francisco (1908) 05 30 US Marines sent to Nicaragua (1912) 05 31 Pya Martyrs Day in Togo 05 31 Republic Day in South Africa 05 31 Memorial Day 06 01 Brigham Young born (1801) 06 01 Independence Days (3 days) in Western Samoa 06 01 Madaraka Day in Kenya 06 01 Marilyn Monroe born (1928) 06 01 Victory Day in Tunisia 06 02 Corpus Christi in Paraguay 06 02 Edward Elgar (Sir) born in Worcester, England (1857) 06 02 First issue of Computerworld (1967) 06 02 Native Americans "granted" citizenship (1924) 06 03 Confederate Memorial Day in Kentucky & Louisiana 06 03 Henry James born (1811) 06 03 Jefferson Davis's Birthday in Florida, Georgia, & S. Carolina 06 03 Labor Day in Bahamas 06 03 Jefferson Davis's Birthday in Alabama & Mississippi (1st Monday) 06 04 Dragon Boat Festival in Hong Kong, Taiwan 06 04 Emancipation Day in Tonga 06 04 Queen's Birthday in New Zealand 06 04 Roquefort cheese developed (1070) 06 05 Constitution Day in Denmark 06 05 Liberation Day in Seychelles 06 05 Robert Kennedy Assasinated (1968) 06 06 His Majesty, Yang Di-Pertuan Agong's Birthday in Malaysia 06 06 Memorial Day in South Korea 06 06 Normandy landing (1944) 06 07 Louis XIV was crowned King of France in Rheims (1654) 06 07 Daniel Boone first began to explore Kentucky (1769) 06 07 French Postimpressionist painter (Eugene Henri) Paul Gaugin born (1848) 06 07 George Bryan "Beau" Brummel born (1778) 06 08 Mohammed, founder of Islam, died, A.D. 632 06 08 Frank Lloyd Wright born in Richland Center, Wisconsin (1869) 06 09 Roman Emperor Nero committed suicide, A.D. 68 06 09 Senior Citizen's Day in Oklahoma 06 10 Camoes Day in Portugal 06 10 Death of Alexander the Great (323 B.C.) 06 10 First Apple II shipped (1977) 06 11 Greeks seize Troy (1184 BC) 06 11 King Kamehameha I Day in Hawaii 06 11 Queen's Birthday 06 12 Independence Day in Philippines 06 12 Peace with Bolivia in Paraguay 06 13 Alexander the Great dies (323 BC) 06 13 Corrective Movement in Yemen Arab Republic 06 13 ticker-tape parade welcomed Charles Lindbergh to NYC (1927) 06 13 Pioneer flies past Neptune, and therefore out of the Solar System 06 14 Flag Day 06 14 Continental Congress in Philadelphia adopted the Stars and Stripes as the national flag (1777) 06 14 Sandpaper invented by I. Fischer, Jr. (1834) 06 15 Ben Franklin's kite experiment (1752) 06 15 Second Continental Congress voted unanimously to appoint George 06 15 Washigton head of the Continental Army (1775) 06 15 Arkansas became 25th state (1836) 06 15 Charles Goodyear receives patent on rubber strenghthening process (1844) 06 15 Edward (Edvard Hagerup) Grieg born in Bergen, Norway (1843) 06 15 Magna Carta signed by King John at Runymede (1215) 06 15 Series of photographs by Edward Muggeridge prove to Leland Stanford that all the hooves of a horse are off the ground during the gallop (1878) 06 15 UNIVAC I delivered to the Census Bureau (1951) 06 16 Ford Motor Co. incorporated (1903) 06 16 Bloomsday - Anniversary of Dublin events, in "Ulysses" (1904) 06 16 Hammurabi the Great dies, Babylon, 1686 bc 06 17 Battle of Bunker Hill (1775) 06 17 Bunker Hill Day in Suffolk County, Massachusetts 06 17 China explodes its first Hydrogen bomb (1967) 06 17 Independence Day in Iceland 06 17 National Day in Federal Republic of Germany 06 17 Watergate Democratic National Committee break-in (1972) 06 18 U.S. declared war against Britain (1812) 06 18 Napoleon Bonaparte met his Waterloo as British and Prussian troops defeated the French in Belgium (1815) 06 18 Amelia Earhart became the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean (1928) 06 18 Evacuation Day in Egypt 06 18 M C Escher born (1898) 06 18 Paul McCartney born in Liverpool, England (1942) 06 18 Queen's Birthday in Fiji 06 19 Artigas Birthday in Uruguay 06 19 Emancipation Day in Texas 06 19 Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are executed in Sing-Sing prison (1953) 06 19 Labor Day in Trinidad, Tobago 06 19 Lizzie Borden acquitted (1893) 06 19 Revolution Day in Algeria 06 20 Flag Day in Argentina 06 20 Victoria crowned (1837) 06 20 West Virginia Day in West Virginia 06 21 Berlin airlift begins (1948) 06 21 Summer solstice, 12:02 am, EST 06 21 Sun rises over Heelstone at Stonehenge 06 22 Carl Hubbell born (1903) 06 22 Civil rights workers disappear in Mississippi (1964) 06 22 Corrective Movement in Yermen Democratic Republic 06 22 Meryl Streep born in Summit, New Jersey (1949) 06 22 Midsummer Eve in Finland, Sweden 06 22 National Sovereignty Day in Haiti 06 23 IBM unbundles software (1969) 06 23 National Holiday in Luxembourg 06 23 Slavery abolished in England (1772) 06 23 Turing's Birthday (1912) 06 24 First official UFO sighting filed by Kenneth Arnold [1947] 06 24 St. Jean-Baptiste Day in Quebec 06 24 Battle of Carabobob in Venezuela 06 24 Fisherman's Day in Madagascar, Mozambique, Somalia 06 24 Kings Day in Spain 06 24 Peasants Day in Peru 06 24 Senate repeals Gulf of Tonkin resolution (1970) 06 25 Custer's Last Stand (1876) 06 25 Eric Arthur Blair (a.k.a. George Orwell) born (1903) 06 25 N. Korea invades S. Korea (1950) 06 26 Battle of Gettysburg (1863) 06 26 President Kennedy visited West Berlin, 1963 ("Ich bin ein Berliner") 06 26 St. Lawrence Seaway dedicated by Eisenhower & Queen Elizabeth II (1959) 06 26 Toothbrush invented (1498) 06 27 100 degrees, Fort Yukon (1915) 06 27 Helen Keller born (1880) 06 28 Mothers Day in Central African Republic 06 28 Supreme Court decides in favor of Alan Bakke (1978) 06 29 Independence Day in Seychelles 06 30 "That" explosion in Siberia (1908) 06 30 Indian Territory created by Congress (1834) 06 30 China and Soviet Union announce split over ideology (1960) 06 30 Day of the Army in Guatemala 06 30 First advanced degree on computer related topic: to H. Karamanian, Temple Univ., Phila, for symbolic diffentiation on the ENIAC (1948) 07 01 Battle of Gettysburg begins (1863) 07 01 Dominion Day in Canada 07 01 Freedom Day in Suriname 07 01 Independence Day in Burundi 07 01 National Day in Rwamda 07 01 Republic Day in Ghana 07 01 Union of the Somalia Republic in Somalia 07 02 Continental Congress passed a resolution saying that ``these United Colonies are, and of right, ought to be, Free and Independent States.'' (1776) 07 02 President Garfield was shot (1881) 07 02 ``Lawrence Welk Show'' premiered on ABC television (1955) 07 02 Ernest Hemingway shot himself to death (1961) 07 02 National Day in Kiribati 07 03 Dog days begin 07 03 Battle of Gettysburg ended (1863) 07 03 city of Quebec founded by Samuel de Champlain (1608) 07 03 Idaho became 43rd state (1890) 07 03 Algeria became independent after 132 years of French rule (1962) 07 03 singer Jim Morrison of The Doors died in Paris at age 27 (1971) 07 03 Franz Kafka born (1883) 07 03 Kafka's Birthday (1883) 07 04 Independence Day in United States 07 04 Battles of Vicksburg and Gettysburg won by Union forces (1863) 07 04 Caribbean Day in Guyana 07 04 Cloudy, 76 degrees, Philadelphia PA (1776) 07 04 Constitution Day in Cayman Islands 07 04 Family Day in Lesotho 07 04 Heroes Day in Zambia 07 04 John Adams and Thomas Jefferson die (1826) 07 04 Kadooment Day in Barbados 07 04 Nathaniel Hawthorne born in Salem, Massachusetts (1804) 07 04 New York abstains on Declaration of Independence vote (1776) 07 04 Philippine-American Friendship Day in the Philippines 07 04 Warriors Day (2 days) in Yugoslavia 07 05 showman Phineas T. Barnum was born in Bethel, CT (1810) 07 05 William Booth founded the Salvation Army in London (1865) 07 05 the bikini swimsuit, designed by Louis Reard made its debut in Paris (1946) 07 05 Day of Peace and Unity in Rwanda 07 05 Independence Day in Algeria, Venezuela 07 06 Roman Emperor Julius Caesar was born, 100 B.C. 07 06 George Eastman, inventor of the Kodak camera, was born in Waterville, NY (1854) 07 06 Louis Pasteur successfully tested an anti-rabies vaccine (1885) 07 06 British forces captured Fort Ticonderoga (1777) 07 06 Republican Party came into being (1854) 07 06 (Helen) Beatrix Potter born (1866) 07 06 First `talkie' (talking motion picture) premiere in New York (1928) 07 06 John Paul Jones born (1747) 07 06 Lawrence of Arabia captures Aqaba (1917) 07 07 King's College in NYC opened, 1754 (renamed Columbia in 30 years) 07 07 United States annexed Hawaii (1898) 07 07 construction began on Boulder Dam, later renamed Hoover Dam (1930) 07 07 Anniversary of the P.U.N. in Equatorial Guinea 07 07 First radio broadcast of "Dragnet" (1949) 07 07 National Day in Malawi 07 07 Ringo Starr (Richard Starkey) born in Liverpool, England (1940) 07 07 Saba Saba Day in Tanzania 07 08 Bell Telephone Co. formed (predecessor of AT&T) (1877) 07 08 General Douglas MacArthur was named commander-in-chief of UN forces in Korea (1950) 07 08 Florenz Ziegfeld staged his first ``Follies,'' on the roof of a NY Theater (1907) 07 08 CDC incorporated (1957) 07 08 Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin born (1838) 07 08 First public reading of the Declaration of Independence (1776) 07 09 10-hour working day set by law, NH (1847) 07 09 Zachary Taylor died in the White House (1850) 07 09 Pig-Pen born into Peanuts comic strip (1954) 07 09 Independence Day in Argentina 07 10 114-day Battle of Britain began (1940) 07 10 Vice President Millard Fillmore assumed the presidency (1850) 07 10 Wyoming became 44th state 07 10 Coca-Cola said it would resume selling old-formula Coke (1985) 07 10 Independence Day in Bahamas 07 10 John Calvin born (1509) 07 11 John Quincy Adams born (1767) 07 11 National Holiday in the Mongolian People's Republic 07 12 Battle of Boyne celebrated in Northern Ireland 07 12 Henry David Thoreau born (1817) 07 12 The Twelfth in Northern Ireland 07 13 Buddhist Lent in Thailand 07 13 Women first compete in Olympic games (1908) 07 14 Anniversary of the Revolution in Iraq 07 14 citizens of Paris stormed the Bastille prison (1789) 07 14 Bastille Day 07 14 Billy the Kid (William H. Bonney Jr.) killed by Sheriff Pat Garrett in Fort Sumner, N.M. (1881) 07 14 National Holiday in Monaco 07 14 Woody Guthrie born (1912) 07 15 Georgia became the last of the Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union (1870) 07 15 Dutch painter Rembrandt was born in Leiden, Netherlands (1606) 07 15 Clement Clarke Moore born, author of "A Visit from Saint Nicholas" (1779) 07 15 St. Swithin's Day 07 16 Detonation of the first atomic bomb at Alamagordo, NM (1945) 07 16 District of Columbia was established as the seat of the U.S. government (1790) 07 16 Apollo 11 blasted off Cape Kennedy on the first manned mission to the moon (1969) 07 16 Presidents Day in Botswana 07 17 Spain ceded Florida to the United States (1821) 07 17 the British royal family adopted the name Windsor (1917) 07 17 Douglas Corrigan took off from New York, saying he was headed for California; he ended up the next day in Ireland, earning himself the nickname ``Wrong Way Corrigan.'' (1938) 07 17 An Apollo spaceship docked with a Soyuz spacecraft in orbit (1975) 07 17 Constitution Day in South Korea 07 17 Disneyland opens in Anaheim, CA (1955) 07 17 July Revolution in Iraq 07 17 Munoz Rivera's Birthday (celebrated in Puerto Rico) 07 17 Public Holiday in Botswana 07 17 First public bathhouse with showers opened in NYC 1891 07 18 Constitution Day in Uruguay 07 18 the Great Fire of Rome began, A.D. 64. 07 18 Liberation Day in Nicaragua 07 18 Ty Cobb gets 4000th base hit (1927) 07 19 Five Massachusetts women executed for witchcraft (1692) 07 19 Martyrs Day in Burma 07 20 Armstrong and Aldrin land on moon, 1969 (Will be looked back upon as the high point of American civilization 100 years hence) 07 20 Independence Day in Colombia 07 20 Dial telephone patented 1896 07 21 First reported killing of a human by a robot (Jackson, Michigan, 1984) 07 21 National Holiday in Belgium 07 21 Vietnam divided at 17th parallel (1954) 07 21 Hawaii became 50th state 1959 07 22 Katharine Lee Bates wrote the original version or "America the Beautiful" (1893) 07 22 King's Birthday in Swaziland 07 22 National Day in Poland 07 23 Anniversary of the Revolution Egypt 07 23 Eqyptian National Day in Syrian Arab Republic 07 23 Ice cream cone introduced, St. Louis MO (1904) 07 23 Remembrance Day in Papua, New Guinea 07 24 Pioneer Day in Utah 07 24 Scopes Monkey Trial (1925) 07 24 Simon Bolivar's Day in Ecuador, Venezuela 07 25 Constitution Day in Puerto Rico 07 25 National Rebellion Day (3 days) in Cuba 07 25 Republic Day in Tunisia 07 25 St. James, Patron Saint in Spain 07 26 Independence Day in Liberia 07 26 National Day in Maldives 07 27 Barbosa's Birthday (celebrated in Puerto Rico) 07 28 Bach dies (1750) 07 28 Independence Days (2 days) in Peru 07 29 Mussolini born (1883) 07 29 Olsok Eve in Norway to commemorate Norway's Viking King St. Olav 07 29 Rain Day in Waynesburg, PA 07 30 "In God We Trust" made U.S. motto (1956) 07 30 Emily Bronte born (1818) 07 30 Henry Ford born (1863) 07 31 Harry S. Truman dedicates N.Y. Int'l Airport at Idlewild Field, later JFK (1948) 07 31 Revolution Day in Congo 08 01 Discovery Day in Trinidad, Tobogo 08 01 Emancipation Day in Granada 08 01 Founding of Asuncion in Paraguay 08 01 Freedom Day in Guyana 08 01 Guam became U.S. territory (1950) 08 01 Herman Melville born (1819) 08 01 Lughnasa; Feast of the god Lugh, a 30 day Celtic feast centers on this day 08 01 National Day in Switzerland 08 01 National Holidays (5 days) in El Salvador 08 01 Parent's Day in Zaire 08 02 Alexander Graham Bell died (1922) 08 02 All telephone service in the U.S. stopped for one minute (1922) 08 02 Our Lady of Los Angeles in Costa Rica 08 02 President Warren G. Harding died (1923) 08 03 Christopher Columbus set sail from Palos, Spain (1492) 08 03 Hurricane Connie hit U.S. - 11 days (1955) 08 03 Independence Day in Jamaica, Niger 08 03 Massacre du Pidjiguiti in Buinea-bissau 08 03 Memorial Day of Archbishop Makarios in Cyprus 08 03 USS Nautilus crosses under north polar ice cap (1958) 08 04 Bombing of N. Vietnam begins (1964) 08 04 Britain declares war on Germany starting World War I (1914) 08 04 Freedom Day in Guyana 08 04 Hans Christian Andersen, author, died 1875 08 05 U.S. first levied income tax (1861) 08 05 Marilyn Monroe found dead in the bedroom of her L.A. home at age 36 (1962) 08 05 Cornerstone for the Statue of Liberty was laid on Bedloe's Island (1884) 08 05 Comic Strip "Little Orphan Annie" made its debut (1924) 08 06 Bank Holiday in Ontario, British Columbia 08 06 Bank Holiday in Australia, Fiji, Iceland, Ireland 08 06 Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima (1945) 08 06 Caricom in Barbados 08 06 Cy Young pitches first game (1890) 08 06 Emancipation Day in Bahamas 08 06 Independence Day in Bolivia 08 06 Pope Paul VI died (1978) 08 07 Battle of Boyaca in Colombia 08 07 Congress established War Dept. (1789) 08 08 Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki (1945) 08 08 Napoleon Bonaparte set sail for St. Helena to spend the remainder of his days in exile (1815) 08 08 Edison received a patent for his mimeograph (1876) 08 08 Dustin Hoffman born in Los Angeles (1937) 08 08 Montenegro declares war on Germany (1914) 08 08 Nixon announces resignation (1973) 08 08 The Great Train Robbery $7,368,000 (1963) 08 09 Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki (1945) 08 09 National Day in Singapore 08 09 Persia defeats Spartan King Leonidas at Thermopylae (480 BC) 08 09 Richard Nixon resigns the US presidency (1974) 08 09 Gerald R. Ford became 38th President (1974) 08 09 US/Canada border defined in the Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842) 08 10 Chicago incorporated as a village of 300 people (1833) 08 10 Independence Day in Ecuador 08 10 US and Panama agree to transfer the canal in the year 2000 (1977) 08 10 Smithsonian Institute established 1846 08 11 Dog days end 08 11 France Ends War in Indochina (1954) 08 11 Heroes Day (2 days) in Zimbabwe 08 11 Independence Day in Chad 08 11 King Hussein's Accession to the Throne in Jordan 08 11 Perseid meteor shower (look north; three days) 08 12 First police in America formed New Amsterdam (1658) 08 12 Last U.S. ground troops out of Vietnam (1972) 08 12 Queen's Birthday in Thailand 08 12 Thomas Mann's Death (1955) 08 13 Annie Oakley born (1860) 08 13 Berlin wall erected (1961) 08 13 Fidel Castro born (1927) 08 13 Li'l Abner debut (1934) 08 13 American flad was raised for the first time in Los Angeles (1846) 08 13 First two-way telephone conversation by satellite took place (1960) 08 13 First taxicab appeared in NYC (1907) 08 13 Proclamation of Independence in Central African Republic 08 13 Women's Day in Tunisia 08 14 IBM PC announced (1981) 08 14 Oregon Territory was estblished (1848) 08 14 Condgress passed Social Security Act (1935) 08 14 Independence Day in Pakistan 08 14 Social Security begins in U.S. (1935) 08 14 VJ Day (1945) 08 14 Waddi Dhahab in Morocco 08 15 Founding of Ascuncion in Paraguay 08 15 Gandhi's movement obtains independence for Pakistan and India (1947) 08 15 Hurricane hits Plimoth Plantation (1635) 08 15 Independence Day in India 08 15 Liberation Day in South Korea 08 15 National Day in Congo 08 15 Santa Maria in Malta 08 15 Panama canal opened to traffic (1914) 08 15 "The Wizard of Oz" premiered at the Grauman's Chinese Theater in Hollywood (1939) 08 15 Woodstock Begins (1969) 08 15 Will Rogers, humorist, died 1935 08 16 Bennington Battle Day in Vermont (battle in 1777) 08 16 Singer Elvis Presely died at the age of 42 (1977) 08 16 Independence Days (3 days) in Gabon 08 16 Restoration Day in Dominican Republic 08 16 Roller Coaster patented (1898) 08 17 Robert Fulton's North River Steam Boat begen chugging up to Albany (1807) 08 17 Federal batteries and ships bombarded Fort Sumter in Charleston (1863) 08 17 Admission Day in Hawaii {1984} (3rd Friday) 08 17 Anniversary of the Death of General San Martin in Argentina 08 17 First public bathhouse with showers opened in NYC (1891) 08 17 Independence Day in Indonesia 08 17 Mae West born (1892) 08 18 Marshall Field, Am. businessman & founder of dept store. born 1835 08 18 Meriwether Lewis born (1927) 08 19 Gail Borden patents condensed milk (1856) 08 19 Independence Day in Afghanistan 08 19 Oliver Wright born 1871 08 20 Constitution Day in Hungary 08 20 Dial telephone patented 1896 08 20 Leon Trotsky assassinated (1940) 08 21 Hawaii became 50th state 1959 08 22 CDC 6600 introduced (1963) 08 22 Claude Debussy born (1862) 08 22 Death of King Richard III, Last of the Plantagenets (1485) 08 22 Mona Lisa stolen 1911 08 22 St. Columba reports seeing monster in Loch Ness (565) 08 23 DEC founded (1957) 08 23 Gene Kelly born (1912) 08 23 Liberation Days (2 days) in Romania 08 23 Rudolph Valentino died 1926 08 23 Sacco and Vanzetti executed (1927) 08 24 -126.9 F at Vostok, Antarctica (1960) 08 24 British troops burn Washington (1814) 08 24 National Flag Day in Liberia 08 25 Byrd began Antarctic expedition 1928 08 25 Constitution Day in Paraguay 08 25 Gen. DeGaulle leads French forces into Paris (1944) 08 25 Independence Day in Uruguay (Uruguay declared independence from Brazil, 1825) 08 25 Mount Vesuvius erupted, burying Pompeii and Herculaneum (79) 08 25 Rome was overrun by the Visigoths, 410; fall of Western Roman Empire 08 25 National Park Service established within Dept of the Interior (1916) 08 26 Roman forces under Julius Ceasar invaded Britain, 55 B.C. 08 26 Liberia was proclaimed an independent republic (1847) 08 26 Radio electronics pioneer Dr. Lee DeForest born in Council Bluffs, IA (1873) 08 26 Charles Lindberg died (1974) 08 26 Pope John Paul I elected 1978 08 26 Susan B. Anthony Day in Massachussetts 08 27 L. B. Johnson, 26th President, born 1908 08 27 "Tarzan of the Apes" published (1912) 08 27 Krakatoa, Java explodes with a force of 1,300 megatons (1883) 08 27 Liberation Day in Hong Kong 08 27 Lyndon B. Johnson born (1908) 08 28 Henry Hudson discovers Hudson Bay (1609) 08 28 German author Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was born in Frankfurt (1749) 08 28 Mother Elizabeth Ann Seton, the first American-born saint, born in NYC (1774) 08 28 Russian novelist Leo Tolstoy was born near Tula (1828) 08 28 the first radio commercial aired on station WEAF in New York City (1922) 08 28 -- The 10-minute advertisement was for the Queensboro 08 28 -- Realty Company, which had paid a $100 fee. 08 28 First radio "commercial" broadcast 1922 08 28 Heroes Day in Philippines 08 28 King leads over 200K in civil rights rally in Washington, DC (1963) 08 29 Chop Suey invented in NYC 1896 08 29 Oliver Wendell Holmes born, physician & father of the jurist (1809) 08 29 Star in Cygnus goes nova & becomes 4th brightest in sky, 1975; Nova Cygni 1975. 08 30 Cleopatra committed suiceide, 30 B.C. 08 30 First meat inspection legislation enacted 1890 08 30 75 cents a pound tariff set on opium (1842) 08 30 Huey P. Long Day in Louisiana 08 30 Japan Stationery Co. sells first felt-tipped pen (1960) 08 30 John W. Mauchly born (1907) 08 30 St. Rose of Lima in Peru 08 30 Victory Day in Turkey 08 30 Washington-to-Moscow hot line connected (1963) 08 31 Thomas A. Edison received a patent for his Kinetoscope, a device which produced moving pictures (1887) 08 31 269 people killed after Korean Airlines 747 shot down by USSR (1983) 08 31 Independence Day in Trinidad, Tobago 08 31 National Day in Malaysia 08 31 Non-aggression pact signed by USSR and Afghanistan (1926) 08 31 Pashtoonian Day in Afghanistan 09 01 Army Day in Chile 09 01 Bobby Fischer defeats Boris Spassky in World Chess Match (1972) 09 01 Joshua A. Norton proclaims himself 'Emperor Norton I' (1859) 09 01 Germany and Russia invade Poland (1939), marking the beginning of WWII. 09 02 Great Smoky Mountain National Park dedicated 1940 09 02 Great Britain adopts Gregorian Calendar (1752) 09 02 Japan signs unconditional surrender aboard US battleship `Missouri' (1945) 09 03 Anniversary of the Founding of the Republic in San Marino 09 03 Labor Day first observed as a legal holiday 1894 09 03 Independence Day in Qatar 09 03 Memorial Day in Tunisia 09 04 Dr. Albert Schweitzer, missionary, died 1965 09 05 Russo-Japanese War ended 1905 09 05 Kennedy orders resumption of underground nuclear tests (1961) 09 05 King Louis XIV of France born (1638) 09 05 Raquel Welch born (1942) 09 05 The first Continental Congress was convened in Philadelphia (1774) 09 06 149 Pilgrims set forth from England aboard the Mayflower (1620) 09 06 Defense of Pakistan Day in Pakistan 09 06 Pres. McKinley shot (1901) 09 06 Settlers Day in South Africa 09 06 Somhlolo in Swaziland 09 06 Word is received that Perry has reached the North Pole and died (1909) 09 07 Independence Day in Brazil 09 07 James Fenimore Cooper born in Burlington, NJ (1789) 09 07 Queen Elizabeth I of England born (1533) 09 08 Anton Dvorak born in Nelahozeves, Czechoslovakia (1841) 09 08 Gerald R. Ford pardons Richard M. Nixon (the slime!) (1974) 09 08 King Richard I of England born (1157) 09 08 Peter Sellers born in Southsea, England (1925) 09 08 President Ford grants pardon to Nixon (1974) 09 08 "Star Trek" debuts on NBC (1966) 09 09 Admission Day in California 09 09 Anniversary of the Socialist Revolution (2 days) in Bulgaria 09 09 California becomes the 31st state (1850) 09 09 Chinese Communist Party Chairman Mao Tse-Tung dies at age of 82 (1976) 09 09 Dennis Ritchie (author of C) born, Mount Vernon, NY (1941) 09 09 National Day in North Korea 09 09 United Colonies is renamed the United States (1776) 09 10 Korean Thanksgiving Day (Chusuk) in South Korea 09 10 Moon Festival in Taiwan 09 10 Mountain Meadows Massacre. Mormons kill Gentile wagon train (1857) 09 10 National Day in Belize 09 10 Arnold Paulmer, golfer, born 1929 09 11 Ethiopian New Year in Ethiopia 09 11 Grandparent's Day 09 11 National Holiday in Chile 09 11 First street car operated 1910 09 11 9/11 09 12 Amilcar Cabral's Birthday in Guinea-Bissau 09 12 Defender's Day in Maryland 09 12 German paratroopers rescue Mussolini from captivity in Rome (1943) 09 12 Germany annexes Sudentenland (1938) 09 12 Jesse Owens, American athlete, born 1913 09 12 Revolution Day in Ethiopia 09 13 136.4 F at el Azizia, Libya (1922) 09 13 Barry Day commemorates the death of Commodore John Barry 09 13 British defeat the French at Abraham near Quebec City (1788) 09 13 Building of Hadrian's Wall begun (122) 09 13 Chiang Kai-Shek becomes president of China (1943) 09 13 Walter Reed born (1851) 09 13 First automobile fatality 1899 09 14 Battle of San Jacinto in Nicaragua 09 14 Benjamin Franklin is sent to France as an American minister (1778) 09 14 Francis Scott Key writes words to "Star Spangled Banner" (1814) 09 14 Salem, Massachusetts, is founded (1629) 09 14 The Selective Service Act establishes the first peacetime draft (1940) 09 14 Princess Grace of Monaco died 1982 09 15 ACM founded (1947) 09 15 Agatha Christie born in Torquay, England (1890) 09 15 Foundation of Panama in Panama 09 15 Independence Day 09 15 Respect for the Aged Day in Japan 09 15 Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev begins his 13 day tour of the US (1959) 09 15 The U.S. Foreign Affairs Dept. becomes the U.S. State Department (1789) 09 16 Great Seal of United States 1st used on official document (1782) 09 16 Allen Funt born in Brooklyn, NY (1914) 09 16 Cherokee Strip Day in Oklahoma 09 16 Independence Day in Mexico, Papua, New Guinea 09 16 The village of Shawmut, Massachusetts, becomes the city of Boston (1630) 09 17 Citizenship Day 09 17 Battle of Antietam (1862) 09 17 National Heroes Day in Angola 09 18 Greta Garbo born (1905) 09 18 Independence Day in Chile 09 18 Victory of Uprona in Burundi 09 19 Army Day in Chile 09 19 1st Mickey Mouse film cartoon shown 1928 (NY) 09 20 Equal Rights Party nominates Belva Lockwood for President (1884) 09 20 First meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1848) 09 20 First meeting of the National Research Council (1916) 09 20 Harlan Herrick runs first FORTRAN program (1954) 09 20 Magellan leaves Spain on the first Round the World passage (1519) 09 20 Upton (Beall) Sinclair born (1878) 09 20 Sophia Loren, actress, born 1834 09 21 World Peace Day 09 21 H. G. (Herbert George) Wells born in Bromley, England (1866) 09 21 Independence Day in Belize 09 21 Louis Joliet born (1645) 09 22 Alied forces form the independent nation West Germany (1953) 09 22 Independence Day in Mali 09 22 National Sovereignty Day in Haiti 09 22 President Garfield dies of wounds in Baltimore (1881) 09 22 President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation (1862) 09 22 Special prosecutor Leon Jeworski subpoenaes President Nixon (1974) 09 22 The first Soviet atomic bomb explodes (1949) 09 22 Patent for Ice Cream Cone applied for 1903 09 23 Augustus (Gaius Octavius) Caesar born in Rome (63 BC) 09 23 Euripides born in Salamis, Greece (480 BC) 09 23 Grito de Lares in Puerto Rico 09 23 Phillippine President Ferdinand Marcos declares martial law (1972) 09 23 The New York Knickerbockers becomes the first U.S. Baseball club (1845) 09 23 V.P. Nixon denies campaign fund fraud with his "Checkers" speech. (1952) 09 24 Anniversary of the Third Republic in Ghana 09 24 F. Scott Fitzgerald born (1896) 09 24 Independence Day in Guinea-Bissau 09 24 National Day in Saudi Arabia 09 24 Our Lady of Mercedes in Dominican Republic 09 24 Republic Day in Trinidad, Tobago 09 24 Supreme Court established 1789 09 25 Army Day in Mozambique 09 25 Referendum Day in Rwanda 09 25 Sandra Day O'Connor becomes first woman on US Supreme Court (1981) 09 25 Balboa discovered Pacific Ocean 09 26 George Gershwin born in Brooklyn, NY (1989) 09 26 Johnny Appleseed born (1774) 09 26 National Day in Maldives, Yemem Deomcratic Republic 09 26 Revoluation Anniversary Day in Yemen Arab 09 26 T.S. (Thomas Stearns) Eliot born in St. Louis (1888) 09 26 American Indian Day 09 27 Feast of Finding the True Cross in Ethiopia 09 27 The first passenger was hauled in a locomotive in England (1825) 09 27 Thomas Nast, political cartoonist, born 1840 09 28 "Pilgrim's Progress" published (1678) 09 28 A greek soldier runs 26+ miles to the Persian defeat at Marathon (490BC) 09 28 Flogging was outlawed as a form of punishment for sailors (1860?) 09 28 Confucious' Day in Taiwan 09 28 Michelangelo Buanarroti born in Caprese, Italy (1573) 09 28 Pompey (Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus) born in Rome (106BC) 09 28 Pope John Paul I died 1978 09 28 Seymour Cray born (1925) 09 29 Battle of Boqueron in Paraquay 09 29 1st government pension paid (1789) 09 29 Gene Autry born (1907) 09 30 Botswana Day in Botswana 09 30 First Day of Sukkot 09 30 The first tooth is extracted under anesthesia in Charleston, Mass (1846) 09 30 The verdicts of the Nuremberg trials are announced (1946) 09 30 3rd revision of English Bible since 1611 published 1962 10 01 Armed Forces Day in South Korea 10 01 Independence Day in Nigeria 10 01 Jimmy Carter born (1924) 10 01 Labor Day in Australia 10 01 National Liberation Day (2 days) in China 10 01 Public Holiday in Botswana 10 01 Model T Ford introduced 1908 10 02 Anniversary of Guinean Independence in Guinea 10 02 Aristotle dies of indigestion (322 BC) 10 02 First robotics-based CAM (1939) 10 02 Napoleon was crowned emperor of France (1804) 10 02 Ford unveiled its Model A automobile (1927) 10 02 Mohandas K. Gandhi born at Porbandar, Kathiawad, India (1869) 10 02 Thurgood Marshall sworn as the first black Supreme Court Justice (1967) 10 02 Groucho Marx, comedian, born 1895 10 02 Peanuts Comic strip first appeared in seven newspapers (1950) 10 03 Captain Kangaroo first aired (1955) 10 03 Mickey Mouse Club premiered (1955) 10 03 Chung Yeung Festival in Hong Kong 10 03 Francisco Morazan's Birthday in Honduras 10 03 National Foundation Day in South Korea 10 03 U.N. Day in Varbados 10 03 R. Felton (D,GA) appointed first woman senator 1922 10 04 Crimean war begins (1853) 10 04 First space vehicle, Sputnik I, launched (1957) 10 04 Independence Day in Lesotho 10 04 John V. Atanasoff born (1903) 10 04 Sputnik I launched (1957) 10 05 Anniversary of Proclamation of the Republic in Portugal 10 05 Pablo Picasso born in Malaga, Spain (1881) 10 05 Ray Kroc (founder of McDonald's) born (1902) 10 05 Chester A. Arthur, 21st President, born 1830 10 06 Antioch College is the first public school to admit men and women (1853) 10 06 Anwar Sadat assassinated (1981) 10 06 Egyptian President Anwar Sadat is assassinated in Cairo (1981) 10 06 First GPSS manual published (1961) 10 06 Israel is attacked by the alliance of Egypt and Syria (1973) 10 06 National Sports Day in Lesotho 10 07 First Bandstand (later, American Bandstand) broadcast (1957) 10 07 Foundation of the GDR in 1949 in German Democratic Republic 10 07 Maryland Governor Marvin Mandel sent to prison on fraud charges (1977) 10 07 Mother Teresa of Calcutta awarded the Nobel Peace Prize (1979) 10 07 National Heroes Day in Jamaica 10 07 Police stop Wilbur Mills car, Fanne Fox jumps into water (1974) 10 07 Edgar Allan Poe, author, died 1849 10 08 Battle of Agamos in Peru 10 08 Constitution Day in U.S.S.R 10 08 Fiji Day in Fiji 10 08 First VisiCalc prototype (1978) 10 08 Great Chicago Fire (1871) 10 08 Thanksgiving Day in Canada 10 09 First two-way telephone conversation (1876) 10 09 Independence Day in Uganda 10 09 Independence of Guayaquil in Ecuador 10 09 John Lennon born in Liverpool, England (1940) 10 09 Korean Alphabet Day in South Korea 10 09 Leif Erikson Day commemorates the discovery of North America in AD 1000 10 09 Republic Day in Khmer Republic 10 09 Fire Prevention Day 10 10 Agnew resigns (1973) 10 10 Beginning of the Wars for Independence in Cuba 10 10 Fiji Day in Fiji 10 10 Foundation of the Workers Party in North Korea 10 10 Health-Sports Day in Japan 10 10 Mercury at Superior Conjunction with Sun. Moves into night sky. {1984} 10 10 National Day in Taiwan 10 10 Oklahoma Historical Day in Oklahoma 10 10 Spiro T. Agnew resigns as Vice-President due to income tax fraud (1973) 10 10 Helen Hayes, actress, born 1900 10 11 Day of the Revolution in Panama 10 11 Druger Day in South Africa 10 11 The Gang of Four are arrested in Peking (1976) 10 11 The first steam powered ferry ran between New York and Hoboken (1811) 10 11 The second Vatican Eccumenical Council opens in Rome (1962) 10 11 "Professor Quiz", 1st quiz program on radio (1936) 10 12 Columbus landed on San Salvador, opened New World (1492) 10 12 Original version of the Pledge of Allegiance was first recited in public schools (1892) 10 12 Discovery Day in Gahamas 10 12 National Day in Equatorial Guinea, Spain 10 12 Native Americans discover Columbus of Europe lost on their shores (1492) 10 12 Our Lady Aparecida Day in Brazil 10 12 Man O'War's last race (1920) 10 12 Pan American Day in Belize 10 12 Univac gives contract for SIMULA compiler to Nygaard and Dahl (1962) 10 12 Khrushchev pounds his desk with shoe during a speech to the UN (1960) 10 12 Day of the Race in Argentina 10 13 Cornerstone of the White House was laid (1792) 10 13 Roman Emporor Claudius I died, after being poisoned by his wife, AD 54 10 13 Italy declares war on Germany (1943) 10 13 St. Edward's Day - patron saint of England 10 13 U.S. Navy born, authorized by the Second Continental Congress (1775) 10 13 Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro) born near Mantua, Italy (70 BC) 10 14 Columbus Day 10 14 Battle of Hastings won by William the Conqueror and the Normans (1066) 10 14 British Computer Society founded (1957) 10 14 Chuck Yeager breaks sound barrier (1947) 10 14 Dwight David Eisenhower born (1890) 10 14 National Day in Yemen Arab Repyblic 10 14 William Penn born in London (1644) 10 14 Young People's Day in Zaire 10 15 New York Municipal Airport, later renamed LaGuardia Airport, was dedicated (1939) 10 15 Evacuation Day in Tunisia 10 15 First FORTRAN Programmer's Reference Manual published 10 15 First draft card burned (1965) 10 15 Pelham Grenville Wodehouse born (1881) 10 15 Cole Porter, composer, died 1964 10 16 Queen Marie Antoinette was beheaded (1793) 10 16 Cuban missile crisis began (1962) 10 16 National Boss Day 10 16 Noah Webster born (1758) 10 16 Oscar (Fingal O'Flahertie Wills) Wilde born in Dublin (1854) 10 16 Polish Cardinal Karol Wojtyla elected Pope John Paul II 1978 10 17 Radio Corporation of America created (1919) 10 17 Albert Einstein arrived in the U.S. (1933) 10 17 Dessaline's Death Anniversary in Haiti 10 17 Heroes Day in Jamaica 10 17 Mother's Day in Malawi 10 17 Richard Mentor Johnson born, 9th V.P. of U.S., 1780 10 17 Bessemer steelmaking process patented 1855 10 18 Boston Shoemakers form first U.S. labor org. (1648) 10 18 Feast Day of St. Luke 10 18 Soviets anounce their probe took photos of the Moon's far side (1959) 10 19 Mao Tse-tung establishes the People's Republic of China (1949) 10 19 Napoleon's beaten army beings a long retreat from Moscow (1812) 10 19 1st Distinguished Service Medal awarded to a woman (1919) 10 20 "Saturday Night Massacre" (1973) 10 20 Anniversary of the 1944 Revolution in Guatemala 10 20 Kenyatta Day in Kenya 10 20 OPEC embargo (1973) 10 20 Zurich ALGOL report published (1958) 10 20 Herbert Hoover, 31st President, died 1964 10 21 Alfred Nobel born in Stockholm (1833) 10 21 Armed Forces Day in Honduras 10 21 Edison makes the first practical incandescent lamp (1879) 10 21 Guggenheim Museum opens (1959) 10 21 Revolution Days (2 days) in Somalia 10 21 1st air ambulance service organized 1929 10 22 Franz Liszt born (1811) 10 22 Mothers-in-Law Day 10 22 1st pro football game televised 1939 10 23 Battle of Leyte Gulf begins (1944) 10 23 Chulalongkron's Day in Thsailand 10 23 Johnny Carson, television personality, born 1925 10 24 Independence Day in Zambia 10 24 United Nations Day 10 25 DEC announces VAX-11/780 10 25 Labor Day in New Zealand 10 25 Taiwan Restoration Day inb Taiwan 10 25 The UN removes Taiwan and admits the People's Republic of China (1971) 10 25 Postcard first used in U.S. 1870 10 26 Agam Day in Nauru 10 26 Armed Forces Day in Benin, Rwanda 10 26 National Day in Austria 10 26 UN's World Health Organization declares smallpox eradicated (1978) 10 27 The first of the "Federalist Papers" was published in 1787 10 27 Theodore Roosevelt, 26th president, born in New York City (1858) 10 27 Theodore Roosevelt married Alice Lee (1880) 10 27 "A Night on Bald Mountain" by Mussorgsky was performed in St. Petersburg (1886) 10 27 radio show "You Bet Your Life" starring Groucho Marx premiered on ABC (1947) 10 27 Expo '67 closed in Montreal (1967) 10 27 Gerald M. Weinberg born (1933) 10 27 James Cook is born (1466) 10 27 New York's Boss Tweed is arrested on fraud charges (1871) 10 27 The first New York Subway is opened (1904) 10 27 Nylon introduced by DuPont 1938 10 28 Columbus discovers Cuba (1492) 10 28 Constantine's army defeats forces of Maxentius at Mulvian Bridge (312) 10 28 Harvard was founded in Massachusetts (1636) 10 28 Battle of White Plains was fought - 1776 10 28 National Holiday in Greece 10 28 OHI Day in Cyprus 10 28 Statue of Liberty was dedicated on Bedloe's Island (1886) 10 29 Republic Day in Turkey 10 29 Stock Market Crash (1929) 10 30 Orson Welles' "War of the Worlds" broadcast (1938) 10 30 Celluloid photographic film patented 1898 10 31 Chiang Kai-Shek born (1887) 10 31 Dale Evans born, 1912 10 31 Halloween 10 31 Luther nails 95 Theses to door of Castle Church, Wittenberg (1517) 10 31 English poet John Keats was born in London - 1795 10 31 Nevada became the 36th state - 1864 10 31 Nevada Day in Nevada 11 01 All Saints Day 11 01 U.S. exploded the first hydrogen bomb in the Marshall Islands - 1952 11 01 Michelangelo's paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel were first exhibited to the public - 1512 11 01 Austria-Hungary become two seperate nations (1918) 11 01 Feast of All Saints in Portugal 11 01 Puerto Rican nationalists tried to kill Truman at the Blair House (1950) 11 01 Samhain; Beginning of the Celtic year and most important holiday. 11 02 All Souls Day in Bolivia, Brazil, El Salvador, Uruguay 11 02 Daniel Boone born near Reading, PA (1734) 11 02 North and South Dakota become the 39th and 40th states - 1889 11 02 Luftwaffe completes 57 consecutive nights of bombing of London (1940) 11 02 Memorial Day in Ecuador 11 02 Two Frenchmen make the first free hot air balloon flight (1783) 11 03 Beef rises to 3 cents a pound, IL (1837) 11 03 Culture Day in Japan 11 03 Independence from Columbia in Panama 11 03 Independence of Cuenca in Ecuador 11 03 Linus Pauling wins Nobel Chemistry Prize (1954) 11 03 Sputnik II launched, bearing spacedog Laika (1957) 11 03 Thanksgiving Day in Liberia 11 04 Flag Day in Panama 11 04 Iranian militants seize US embassy personnel in Teheran (1979) 11 04 King William III of Orange born (1650) 11 04 Soviet forces crush the anti-communist revolt in Hungary (1956) 11 04 UNIVAC I program predicts Eisenhower victory based on 7% of votes (1952) 11 04 Will Rogers Day 11 05 Guy Fawkes' Plot (1605) 11 05 Roy Rogers born (1912) 11 06 Anniversary of the October Socialist Revolution (2 days) in U.S.S.R. 11 06 Green March Day in Morocco 11 06 Prophet Mohammed's Birthday in Malaysia 11 07 Abolitionist newspaperman Elijah P Lovejoy murdered by mob (1837) 11 07 Anniversary of Great October Revolution in Bulgaria 11 07 Lewis and Clark Expedition in sight of the Pacific Ocean (1805) 11 07 National Revolution Day 11 07 October Revolution Day in Hungary 11 08 Her Majesty, the Queen's Birthday in Nepal 11 08 Patti Page born (1927) 11 09 Blackout of New York, New England, and Eastern Canada (1965) 11 09 Carl Sagan born (1934) 11 09 Giant panda discovered (?!), China (1927) 11 09 Margaret Sanger forms American Birth Control League (1921) 11 09 Roosevelt establishes the Civil Works Administration (1933) 11 10 41 Women arrested in suffragette demonstartions near White House (1917) 11 10 Cpt Wirz, commandant of Andersonville Prison hanged (1865) 11 10 Henry Stanley asks David Livingston, "Dr. Livingston, I presume?" (1871) 11 10 King's Birthday in Bhutan 11 10 Martin Luther born in Eisleben, Germany (1483) 11 10 Soviet President Leonid Brezhnev dies at age 75 (1982) 11 11 Angola gains independence from Portugal (1975) 11 11 Armistice Day 11 11 Rememberance Day in Canada 11 11 Veterans' Day 11 11 Independence Day in Angola 11 11 Independence of Cartagena in Colombia 11 11 Kurt Vonnegut, Jr, born in Indianapolis (1922) 11 11 Republic Day in Maldives 11 11 Washington becomes the 42nd state (1889) 11 12 Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Birthday in Taiwan 11 12 Prince Charles' Birthday in Fiji 11 12 U.S. first exports oil to Europe (1861) 11 13 Paul Simon born (1942) 11 13 Robert Louis Stevenson born (1850) 11 13 St. Augustine of Hippo born in Numidia, Algeria (354) 11 13 "On November 13, Felix Unger was asked to remove himself from his place of residence..." 11 14 King Hussein's Birthday in Jordan 11 14 Quarter Pounder price raised from $0.53 to $0.55 in violation of Nixon price controls (but okayed by Price Commission after formal request from McDonald's) (1971) 11 15 Dynasty Day in Belgium 11 15 Niagara Falls power plant startup (1896) 11 15 Proclamation of the Republic in Brazil 11 15 Thatlouang Festival in Laos 11 16 Oklahoma Heritage Week in Oklahoma 11 16 Opening of the Suez Canal (1869) 11 17 Congress held its first session in Washington, D.C. (1800) 11 17 Elizabeth I ascended the English throne upon the death of Queen Mary (1558) 11 17 The Suez Canal opened in Egypt, linking the Mediterranean and Red Seas (1869) 11 17 Soviet Union landed an unmanned, remote-controlled vehiclle on the moon, Lunokhod One (1970) 11 17 46,000 meteoroids fall over AZ in 20 minutes (1966) 11 17 Army Day in Zaire 11 17 Corrective Movement in Syrian Arab Republic 11 18 The first sound-synchronized animated cartoon, "Steamboat Willie", starring Mickey Mouse, premiered at the Colony Theater in NY (1928) 11 18 Louis J.M. Daguerre was born in Cormeilles, France (1789) 11 18 Battle of Viertieres in Haiti 11 18 First hydrogen bomb blasts Enewetok (1952) 11 18 Imogene Coca born (1908) 11 18 Independence Day in Morocco 11 18 Local standard time zones established for US (1883) 11 18 National Days (4 days) in Oman 11 18 William S. Gilbert born (1836) 11 19 James Garfield, the 20th President of the U.S., born in Orange, OH (1831) 11 19 Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was born in Allahabad (191) 11 19 Emma Lazarus, poet, author of wrote "The New Colossus", died in 1887 at age 38 11 19 Anniversary of the 1968 Coup by the Army in Mali 11 19 Discovery Day in Puerto Rico 11 19 Feast Day of S.A.S. Prince Rainier in Monaco 11 19 Garifuna Settlement in Belize 11 19 Gettysburg Address delivered (1863) 11 19 Prince of Wales Birthday in Fiji 11 20 New Jersey became the first state to ratify the Bill of Rights (1789) 11 20 Robert F. K born (1925) 11 20 Revolution Day in Mexico 11 21 Thomas A. Edison announced invention of his phonograph ("talking machine") (1877) 11 21 North Carolina became the 12th state to ratify the U.S. Constitution. 11 21 Alaska highway across Canada was formally opened (1942) 11 21 The Verrazano Narrows, at that time the world's longest suspension bridge, opened in NYC (1964) 11 21 Announcement of 18 1/2 minute gap on Watergate tape (1973) 11 21 Day of Prayer and Repentance in Federal Republic of Germany 11 22 English pirate Edward Teach ("Blackbeard") killed in battle off the Virginia coast (1718) 11 22 The "SOS" distress signal was adopted at the International Radio Telegraphic Convention in Berlin (1906) 11 22 Anniversary of Portuguese Aggression in Guinea 11 22 Independence Day in Lebanon 11 22 Kennedy shot in Dallas, Texas by Lee Harvey Oswald (1963) 11 23 First jukebox, 1889 (at San Francisco's Palais Royale Saloon) 11 23 Franklin Pierce, 14th President, born in Hillsboro, NH (1804) 11 23 First edition of Life published (1936) 11 23 Labor Thanksgiving Day in Japan 11 24 Anniversary of the New Regime in Zaire 11 24 Lee Harvey Oswald killed by Jack Ruby (1963) 11 24 Scott Joplin born (1868) 11 25 Alfred Nobel invents dynamite (1867) 11 25 Independence Day in Suriname 11 25 Johann Strauss, Jr., writes `On the Beautiful Blue Danube' (1867) 11 26 Charles Schulz born in Minneapolis (1922) 11 26 Norbert Weiner born (1894) 11 27 Alfred Nobel establishes Nobel Prize (1895) 11 27 Friction match invented, England (1826) 11 27 Hoosac Railroad Tunnel completed, 1873, in NW Massachusetts 11 28 Thanksgiving Day in United States (4th Thursday) 11 28 Independence Day in Albania, Mauritania 11 28 Independence from Spain in Panama 11 28 Proclamation of the Republic in Chad 11 29 Day of the Republic (2 days) in Yugoslavia 11 29 Goodwill Day in Liberia 11 29 King Tut's tomb opened (1922) 11 29 Liberation Day in Albania 11 29 National Day in Burma 11 30 Cleopatra died, 30 bc 11 30 Independence Day in Barbados, Yemen Deomcratic Republic 11 30 Mark Twain (Samuel Clemmens) born in Florida, Missouri (1835) 11 30 National Day in Benin 11 30 National Heroes Day in Philippines 11 30 St. Andrew's Day 12 01 Anniversary of the Restoration of Independence in Portugal 12 01 First national corn-husking championship, Alleman IA (1924) 12 01 Independence Day in Central African Republic 12 01 Martin Luther King Jr., leads black boycott of Montgomery buses (1955) 12 01 Rosa Parks refuses to move to back of the bus (Montgomery, AL) (1953) 12 01 Woody Allen (Allen Stuart Konigsberg) born in Brooklyn, NY (1935) 12 02 National Holiday in United Arab Emirates 12 03 Illinois was admitted as the 21st state (1818) 12 03 First neon light display, Paris (1910) 12 03 First successful human heart transplant lead by Dr. Barnard (1967) 12 03 National Holiday in Laos 10 04 Washington bade farewell to his officers at Fraunces Tavern in NYC (1783) 12 05 Mozart dies (1791) 12 05 Phi Beta Kappa founded (1776) 12 05 St. Nicholas' Day 12 05 The Eighteenth Amendment repealed, ending Prohibition (1933) 12 05 Walt (Walter Elias) Disney born in Chicago (1901) 12 05 President Polk triggered the Gold Rush of '49 by confirming that gold had been discovered in CA (1848) 12 06 First sound recording made by Thomas Edison (1877) 12 06 Independence Day in Finland 12 07 Delaware Day in Delaware 12 07 New York Philharmonic gave its first concert (1842) 12 07 Apollo XVII blasted off Cape Canaveral, 1972; America's last moon mission 12 07 Independence Day in Ivory Coast, Panama 12 07 Japan bombs Pearl Harbor (1941) 12 07 Prophet Mohammed's Birthday in Fiji 12 08 U.S. declared war against Japan (1941) 12 08 Blessing of the Water in Uruguay 12 08 First Ph.D. awarded by Computer Science Dept, Univ. of Penna (1965) 12 08 Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus) born in Venosa (Italy) (65BC) 12 08 James (Grover) Thurber born in Columbus, Ohio (1894) 12 08 John Lennon assassinated (1980) 12 08 Mother's Day in Panama 12 08 Our Lady of the Cacupe in Paraguay 12 08 James Galway's birthday (1939) 12 08 Kim Bassinger's birthday (1953) 12 09 Ball-bearing roller skates patented (1884) 12 09 English poet John Milton, born (1608) 12 09 Christmas seals went on sale for the first time (1907) 12 09 China declared war on Japan, Germany and Italy (1941) 12 09 Independence Day in Tanzania 12 10 Martin Luther burned the papal edict demanding he recant or face excommunication (1520) 12 10 Mississippi was admitted to the Union as the 20th state (1817) 12 10 Emily Dickenson born (1830) 12 10 Foundation of Worker's Party in Angola 12 10 Human Rights Day 12 10 Metric system established in France (1799) 12 10 Nobel Peace Prize awarded each year 12 10 Thai Constitution Day in Thailand 12 10 Wyoming Day in Wyoming 12 11 Germany and Italy declared war on the U.S. (1941) 12 11 First recorded sighting of the Aurora Borealis took place in New England (1719) 12 11 Indiana became the 19th state. 12 11 Independence Day in Upper Volta 12 11 Britain's King Edward VIII abdicated in order to marry Wallis Warfield Simpson (1936) 12 12 E. G. Robinson born (1893) 12 12 First wireless message sent across Atlantic by Marconi (1901) 12 12 Independence Day in Kenya 12 12 Pennsylvania became the second state to ratify the U.S. Constitution () 12 12 First motel, the Motel Inn, opened in San Luis Obispo, CA (1925) 12 13 New Zealand discovered by Dutch navigator Abel Tasman (1642) 12 13 Dartmouth College chartered (1769) 12 13 Geminid meteor shower (look south) 12 13 Republic Day in Malta 12 14 George Washington dies (1799) 12 14 Alabama joined the Union as the 22nd state (1819) 12 14 Norwegian Roald Amundsen became the first man to reach the South Pole (1911) 12 15 Argo Merchant oil spill (1976) 12 15 Bill of Rights adopted (1791) 12 15 James Naismith invents basketball, Canada (1891) 12 15 Sitting Bull shot in head while submitting to arrest (1890) 12 15 Statue Day in Netherlands Antilles 12 15 Thomas Edison receives patent on the phonograph (1877) 12 16 Constitution Day in Nepal 12 16 Day of the Covenant in South Africa 12 16 Ludwig von Beethoven christened in Bonn, Germany (1770) 12 16 National Day in Bahrain 12 16 Victry Day in Bangladesh 12 17 National Day in Bhutan 12 17 William Safire (Safir) born (1929) 12 18 Republic Day in Niger 12 20 U.S. Buys ~1,000,000 sq. miles of Louisiana for ~$20/sq.mi. 12 21 Benjamin Disraeli born (1804) 12 21 First day of winter, Winter Solstice, 11:23 am EST 12 21 Phileas Fogg completes his trip around the world in <80 days 12 22 Giacomo Puccini born (1858) 12 23 First G&S collaboration, Thespis (1871) 12 23 Joseph Smith born (1805) 12 23 Victory Day in Egypt 12 24 Christmas Eve 12 24 KKK formed in Pulaski, Tenn (1865) 12 25 Birthday of Quaid-i-Azam in Pakistan 12 25 Children's Day in Congo 12 25 Christmas 12 25 Isaac Newton (Sir) born in Grantham, England (1642) 12 26 Bank Holiday in Canada, Rep. of Ireland, and UK 12 26 Boxing Day 12 26 Chas. Babbage born (1791) 12 26 DPMA founded (1951) 12 26 Family Day in South Africa 12 26 Feast of Our Theotokos in Greece 12 26 St. Stephen's Day 12 27 Charles Darwin set out on a voyage to the Pacific oboard the HMS Beagle (1831) 12 27 Louis Pasteur was born in Dole, France (1822) 12 27 The cornerstone was laid for the Cathedral of St. John the Divine in NYC (1892) 12 27 New York City's Radio City Music Hall opened (1932) 12 27 APT report published (1956) 12 27 Bank Holiday in Cayman Islands 12 27 Constitution Day in North Korea 12 27 Ether first used as anesthetic in childbirth (1845) 12 27 Public Holiday in Lesotho, Zimbabwe 12 28 Comet Kohoutek at perihelion (1973) 12 28 John von Neumann born (1903) 12 29 British burned Buffalo, NY during the war of 1812 (1813) 12 29 Battle of Wounded knee, South Dakota (1890) 12 29 Texas was admitted as the 28th state (1845) 12 29 Civic Holidays (3 days) in Costa Rica 12 29 His Majesty, the King's Birthday in Nepal 12 30 Anniversary of the Democratic Republic of Madagascar in Madagascar 12 30 First Los Angeles freeway dedicated (1940) 12 31 Truman officially proclaimed the end of WW II (1946) 12 31 Queen Victoria decided to make Ottawa the capital of Canada (1857) 12 31 Thomas Edison first publicly demonstrated his electric incandescent light in Menlo Park,NJ (1879) 12 31 Brooklyn,NY spent its last day as a separate community before being part of NYC (1897) 12 31 U.S. citizens were allowed to buy and own gold for the first time in more than 40 years (1974) 12 31 Bank Holiday in El Salvador, Honduras, Pakistan 12 31 Feed Yourself Day in Benin 12 31 New Year's Eve 12 31 Proclamation of the Republic in Congo 12 31 St. Sylvester in Switzerland